Imam Ash Shawkaani (may Allah have mercy upon him) said:
Chapter In Regards To The Rulings Of Impurities:
In this chapter he mentions the following impurities. But before we mention the impurities and some benefits regarding them, know as Imam Ash Shawkaani and others mention:
“The origin of everything is that it is pure. Nothing takes it away from that state except an authentic report”
Now to the impurities:
1. The feces of a human unrestrictedly:
Imam An Nawawi (may Allah have mercy upon him) relayed a consensus upon the impurity of the feces of the human being in Sharh Al Muhathab.
He said: “there is no difference between the feces of one who is older, or younger by consensus”
2. The urine of a human being:
Imam An Nawawi (may Allah have mercy upon him) said in Sharh Al Muhathab:
“As for the urine of the human who is older then it is impure by consensus”
The proof for that is:
A Bedouin came and passed urine in one corner of the mosque. The people shouted at him but the Prophet (ﷺ) stopped them till he finished urinating. The Prophet (ﷺ) ordered them to spill a bucket of water over that place and they did so.
[From the Hadeeth of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) in the two Saheehayn (Bukhari and Muslim)]
3. The Urine of the baby boy who is breastfed:
Umm Qays Bint Mihsan (may Allah be pleased with her) said:
Once I went to Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) with a son of mine who would not eat any food, and the boy passed urine on him whereupon he asked for some water and sprinkled it over the place of urine.
[As Saheehayn]
Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said: “The urine of a baby girl should be washed off and the urine of baby boy should be sprinkled (with water)”.
[From the narration of Abus Samh (may Allah be pleased with him) in Abu Dawood and other than it and it is Hasan]
Ash Shaykh Muhammad Hizaam (may Allah preserve him) mentions:
The Prophet (ﷺ) commanded to sprinkle water over his urine (the baby boy) which indicates its impurity [his urine], but it is a light impurity.
Imam An Nawawi (may Allah have mercy upon him) mentioned that also and said there is no differing in regards to its impurity.
How to purify the baby boy’s urine:
The correct stance is that the baby boy’s urine is sprinkled [with water] and the baby girl’s urine is washed as the narration of Abus Samh [may Allah be pleased with him] indicates that.
Who is the Baby boy and the rule regarding this ruling:
Imam Ahmad [may Allah have mercy upon him] said as mentioned in Al Mughni (2/497):
“The baby boy if he eats food, wants it and desires it, his urine is washed [and not sprinkled]. It is not [washed] if he is fed [but he does not want food] because he may lick honey the hour he is born and the Prophet (ﷺ) rubbed the palate with dates. However, if he eats and intends to eat, then his urine is washed”.
The meaning of this is if the baby boy doesn’t eat, desire food and want it, then his urine is sprinkled. If it’s the opposite, then it is washed even if he be a baby boy.
4. The Saliva of a dog
It comes in Saheeh Muslim from the narration of Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him):
The cleansing of the utensil belonging to one of you, after it has been licked by a dog, is by washing it seven times, and using soil for cleaning at the first time.”
What is correct is the saliva of the dog being is impure whilst its hair is pure and that is the stance of Abu Haneefah, Imaam Ahmad in a report, and it is what Shaykhul Islaam deemed the correct stance.
The ruling is general to all types of dogs.
The majority of the scholars took the stance that it is obligatory to wash the utensil seven times.
As for the narration of Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) that it is washed three or five or seven times, then it is weak by consensus of the memorizers of Hadeeth
But it has been affirmed from his [Abu huraira’s] verdicts that it be washed three times but the consideration is that which he reported, not that which he himself viewed.
Washing impurity seven times is also specific to the impurity of the dog’s saliva
As for the statement of Ibn Umar [may Allah be pleased with him] that we were commanded with washing impurities seven times
Then Imam Albani [may Allah have mercy upon him] mentioned in al Irwaa:
“I did not find it and I don’t know of a narration which is raised to the Prophet صلى الله عليه و سلم and is authentic in regards to washing an impurity seven times except the utensil in which the dog has licked”.
5. The urine and feces of the animals which are not allowed to eat its meat are impure due to the narration of Ibn Masouud [may Allah be pleased with him]
The Prophet (ﷺ) went out to answer the call of nature and asked me to bring three stones. I found two stones and searched for the third but could not find it. So I took a dried piece of dung and brought it to him. He took the two stones and threw away the dung and said, “This is a filthy thing”.
[Reported by Al-Bukhari]
As for that which it is allowed to eat of its, meat then its urine and feces is pure and from the proofs for that is the following narration of Anas [may Allah be pleased with him]:
“The climate of Medina did not suit some people, so the Prophet (ﷺ) ordered them to follow his shepherd, i.e. his camels, and drink their milk and urine (as a medicine). So they followed the shepherd that is the camels and drank their milk and urine until their bodies became healthy. Then they killed the shepherd and drove away the camels. When the news reached the Prophet (ﷺ), he sent some people in their pursuit. When they were brought, he cut their hands and feet and their eyes were branded with heated pieces of iron.
[Reported by in Bukhari]
6. Menstrual blood:
An Nawawi [may Allah have mercy upon him] said:
“Know that menstruation blood is impure by consensus of the Muslims.”
Post-natal blood [Nifaas] takes the same ruling
As for the rest of the bloods, then Imam Al Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy upon him) said:
“As for the rest of the bloods other than menstrual blood, then the correct stance regarding it is that it is not impure”
And he mentioned due to the absence of evidence for that. Also, Imam Albani and others viewed it the correct stance.
7. The meat of the pig:
There is not any clear authentic proof to indicate that the pigs meat is impure
Those who said that it is not impure while it is alive was Maalik (may Allah have mercy upon him) and a report from Ahmad (may Allah have mercy upon him).
And even An-Nawawi [may Allah have mercy upon him] said:
“We don’t have any clear proof upon the impurity of the pig whilst it is alive”
As for the verse some of them use
أَوْ لَحْمَ خِنْزِيرٍ فَإِنَّهُ رِجْسٌ
Or the flesh of swine (pork, etc.) for that surely is impure
[6:145]
Meaning dirty, repulsive. It is not clear in regards to its impurity.
Due to that, from that which Imam As Shawkaani [may Allah have mercy upon him] didn’t mention but it is befitting to be mentioned: is alcohol impure or not?
Ash Shaykh Al Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy upon him) mentioned what is correct is that it is not impure and he used the following as evidence:
1. The narration of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) in Saheehayn:
“I was the cup-bearer of some people in the house of Abu Talha on the day when liquor was forbidden. Their liquor had been prepared from dry dates or fresh dates when the announcer made the announcement. He [Abu Talha] said to me: Go out and find out [what the announcement is]. I got out (and found) an announcer making this announcement: Behold, liquor has been declared unlawful. He said: The liquor [was spilt and] flowed in the lanes of Medina. Abu Talha said to me: Go out and Spill it, and I spilt it”
Shaykh Al Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy upon him) mentioned
“It’s not permissible that the markets of the Muslims be a place for impurities”.
2. That which Imam Muslim reported from Ibn Abbas [may Allah be pleased with him] said:
“A person presented to Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) a small water-skin of wine. Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said to him: Do you know that Allah has forbidden it? He said: No. He then whispered to another man. Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) asked him what he had whispered. He said: I advised him to sell that, whereupon he (ﷺ) said: Verily He Who has forbidden its drinking has forbidden its sale also. He [the narrator] said: He opened the waterskin until what was contained in it was spilt.
Shaykh Al Uthaymeen [may Allah have mercy upon him] said: “he did not say to him wash it, and this is after the prohibition”.
3. The origin is purity until the proof for it being impure is established and there is no proof.
As for the verse in Surah Al Maidah:
{يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالأنْصَابُ وَالأزْلامُ رِجْسٌ مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ (
O you who believe! Intoxicants (all kinds of alcoholic drinks), gambling, Al-Ansab , and Al-Azlam (arrows for seeking luck or decision) are an abomination of Shaitan’s (Satan) handiwork. So avoid (strictly all) that (abomination) in order that you may be successful
[5:90]
Shaykh Al Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy upon him) mentioned that the intent of impurity here is not a physical impurity, rather a figurative impurity.
A point to be understood:
The scholars mention a rule:
“Not everything that is Haram is impure, but everything impure is Haram”
Thus it must be understood that when discussing the purity or impurity of alcohol or pig meat while it is alive, [one should know that] does not mean it is permissible to consume; that is a different discussion. Rather, it is unlawful to consume.
[End of notes from class #2 of the book “Ad Durarul Bahiyah”]
Compiled by
Majeed Jawid Al-Afghanee
Abu Layl
